علوم سیاسی - دفتر تبلیغات اسلامی حوزه علمیه قم - الصفحة ٨ - Abstracts

Abstracts


THE QURANIC CONCEPTION OF JUSTICE
Nasr Hamed Abuzeid
Translated to Persian by Mohammad Saber Seddighi
Justice is one of the principal concepts that Quran elaborates on by means of anecdotes and stories at different occasions. Quran, also, persists on its implementation.
From a Quranic point of view, the creation of the universe is based on justice, there being no room for injustice and oppression. The actualization of justice is the prime goal of prophets, as well. To study justice, one should bring into consideration the different aspects of justice in law, judiciary, politics, and economics, analyze the Quranic stories about man's disobedience from the divine justice, and examine the concept "mizan" )criterion( which is the base for the evaluation of the good and evil.
MOHAMMAD'S CHARISMATIC AUTHORITY
Hamid Dabashi
Translated to Persian by Hedayat Yoosefi
On the basis of Weber's typology of charisma, the writer tries to develop a parallel typology in the Islamic context to describe Mohammad's charismatic authority inspecifc. Introducing a number of criteria, he believes that the only Islamic concept appropriate for explaining Prophet Mohammad's charismatic authority is "risalah" )mission(.
Despite the assumption of some scholars, "kiramah" )generosity( and "wellayah" )authority( are not appropriate terms.
DESPOTISM FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF THE HOLY QURAN
Mohammad Pezeshki
According to the Holy Quran despotism originates in man's self-centeredness. Thus, nither individual or collective rulership nor any other form of the distribution of power can prevent despotism according to Quran. Despotism is expressed in the Quran through vacabularies such as oppression, disobedience cruelty, polytheism, etc, and has different levels starting from disobeying God and disregarding to the interrelationship among human beings and leading to the oppression of the self. In recounting histories of the previous nations, Quran emphasizes the self-centeredness of the man.
STATE THEORY
IN THE POLITICAL THOUGHTS OF HASSAN AL-BANNA
Majeed Moradi
According to Hassan AL-Banna, State is inseparable from religion, whose stability and expansion are the prime goals of the stablishment of an Islamic state. Islamic state is based on the responsibility of the rulers, the unity of the 'ummah)nation(, and respect for 'ummah's will and its basic principles are justice, freedom, and jihad.
The state is expected to stablish the political system, to materialize justice in personal and social life and in national and international arena and to expand da'wah )invitation( to Islam.
SUPERVISING POWER
FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE HOLLY QURAN
Reza Delavary
Studying the semantic and morphological aspects of the term nizarah )supervision(, the article deals with the mechanisms of controling power in the Quran. Believing that power is given to man in trust, accepting Criticism, avoiding dictatorship and selfishness, being humble to people and equal with respect to law are the mechanisms by which corruption is prevented according to Quran.
THE MINORITY AND MAJORITY STATUS
IN THE QURAN
Ali Karimpoor Gharamaleki
"Majarity" and "minority" are concepts which are widely used in political sciences and are influencial in the changes in human societies with respect to power and government. This article studies these two concepts from the perspective of the Holy Quran, trying to present an explianation of their grounds and status.
GOVERNMENT FROM NAJM-O-DDIN
RAZI'S VIEWPOINT
Jameeleh Islami
Najm-o-ddin Razi, who lived in ٧th century H., proposed his views on government when the Abbassid Calliphate declined and a new ground for the foundation of an Islamic society was prepared.
In his viewpoint, government is a devine endowment to rulers, who should do their best to maintain it and to implement shari'ah and justice. He also elaborates on institutions such as the judiciary and the vizarah )excutive( and the qualities of their authorities as conditions for a better management of society.
CONTROLLING THE POLITICAL POWER
FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF IMAM KHOMEINI
Ali Fallahzadeh
From Imam Khomeini's viewpoint the political power in the Islamic government is theoretically and practically controlled in away that it does not lead to corruption. In fact, since power has a divine origin and since the activties of the political system must be based on religious regularities, these regularities prevent corruption. Islam, justice, the enforcement of the good, the prevention of the evil, etc. are some of the features constituting Imam Khomeini's ideal political system and mechanisms for controlling the political power.
THE EFFICACY OF STATE IN IMAM KHOMAYNI'S
POLITICAL THOUGHT
Mohsen Rezvani
The efficacy crisis is threatening our country now. The presentation and explanation of the views of the Islamic political philosophers and thinkers may help us to find the solutions to the problem. So , the present study tries to present Imam Khomeini's views about the efficacy of the Islamic state, identifying twenty features some of which are moral, legal, economic, management, and political efficacy.
HUMAN RIGHT:
UNIVERSALITY OR RELIGIO-CULTURAL RELATIVITY
Sayyed Hassan Amin
The basic concepts in human rights are believing in man's status, dignity, and greatness, qualities shared by all human beings on the earth.
Man's greatness is respected by all religions, and schools of philosophy and ethics. In Islam, man is "the bearer of a devine endowment" and he is "the best of all creatures". So, Islam prohibits any aggression against his personality, considering a divine revelational origin for human rights. But, international human rights originate from inductive reasoning and collective reason from the viewpoint of laic pholospphy whether in individualist or socialist schools.
But, for the human rights to be universal, they should be removed from the monopoly of states and superpowers and be at the disposal of international scholars.
DIPLOMACY AND POLITICAL BEHAVIOUR IN ISLAM)I(
Sayyed Abdul-Ghayyoom Sajjadi
This article is a summary of a pamphlet prepared for the course "Diplomacy and Political Behaviour in Islam" in BA level Political Sciences in Bagher-al Olum University. The main question is whether we can have an Islamic diplomacy or not. If yes, what are the principles and features of this diplomacy? This is the first part of this research which is an introduction to the issue and brings into consideration issues such as political represetativeness, immunity of the representatives, and international treaties from an Islamic perspective.
ABU-REIHAN BIRUNI'S LIFE AND POLITICAL THOUGHT Gholam-Hassan Moghimi
Biruni's socio-political opinions might be studied from two perspectives: first, he must be considered as belonging to an Irano-Islamic civilization and tradition; second, his methodogy has its roots in empiricism. Thus, he is an Islamic scientist not philosopher, his political thoughts being based on natural laws, models, and patterns.